wTO: an R package for computing weighted topological overlap and consensus networks with an integrated visualization tool

Background Gene co-expression network analyses have become a central approach for the systems-level analysis of biological data. Several software packages exist for generating and analyzing such networks, either from correlation scores or the absolute value of a transformed score called weighted topological overlap (wTO). However, since some genes are able to upor down-regulate other genes, it is important to explicitly consider both positive and negative correlations when constructing a gene co-expression network. Additionally, there has been a growing interest in the systematic comparison of multiple networks to identify deferentially changed links. Typically, such analyses are focused on the comparison of networks or data from two different conditions. Results Here, we present an R package for calculating the weighted topological overlap (wTO), that explicitly addresses the sign of wTO values. The package includes the calculation of p-values (raw and adjusted) for each pairwise gene score. Our package also allows the calculation of networks from time series, without replicates. Additionally, our R package incorporates a novel method for calculating a consensus network (CN) from two or more networks. To visualize the resulting networks, 1 ar X iv :1 71 1. 04 70 2v 1 [ qbi o. M N ] 1 3 N ov 2 01 7 the R package contains a visualization tool which allows for the direct network manipulation and access of node and link information. When testing the package on a standard laptop computer, we can conduct all calculations for systems of 20, 000 genes in under two hours. Conclusion In this work, we developed an R package that allows the computation of wTO networks, CNs and a visualization tool in the R statistical environment. It is publicly available on CRAN repositories under the GPL−2 Open Source License (https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/wTO/).